Методи зниження ваги у передзмагальний період у борців вільного стилю

Abstract

У даній статті розглядаються питання зміни ваги тіла спортсмена до та після тренувальної роботи визначаються двома групами чинників. Це зовнішні чинники: температура повітря, вологість, кліматичні умови, час доби та внутрішні фактори, що виходять з особливостей організму спортсмена, харчування, статури тощо. Під час тренувань переважний вплив на спортсменів мають внутрішні чинники. Кожен спортсмен повинен регулярно контролювати свою вагу, зважуючись оголеним в ранковий час натще (попередньо звільнивши кишечник). Зважуватися слід також після кожного тренування, а в умовах навчально-тренувального збору обов’язковим є запис ваги після ранкових фізичних вправ (зарядки) та перед сном. Показники ваги (поряд з іншими даними самоконтролю) необхідно вносити до щоденника спортсмена.This article examines the issue of changes in the athlete's body weight before and after training work, which are determined by two groups of factors. These are external factors: air temperature, humidity, climatic conditions, time of day and internal factors that arise from the characteristics of the athlete's body, nutrition, physique, etc. During training, internal factors have a predominant influence on athletes. Each athlete should regularly monitor their weight, weighing themselves naked in the morning on an empty stomach (having previously emptied the intestines). They should also be weighed after each workout, and in the conditions of a training camp, it is mandatory to record the weight after morning physical exercises (charging) and before bedtime. Weight indicators (along with other self-control data) must be entered into the athlete's diary. Building a workout is a multi-component, complex and holistic process, an indispensable condition for the rational construction of which is the alternation of shock and unloading microcycles, a wave-like change in loads, alternating them with different orientations. In practice, the training process is usually planned in days, taking into account the weekly cycle. Depending on the level of preparedness of athletes, periods and stages of training, the specific content of weekly cycles and the load regime are determined. If the training regimes are conditionally designated as “intensive”, “volumetric” and “average”, then building the load regime according to the “intensive” option leads to an increase in physical performance after the impact of the shock microcycle, however, after the unloading microcycle, there is a significant deterioration in the performance of wrestlers. This should probably be explained by the fact that artificial weight loss contributes to a decrease in the reserves of anaerobic energy sources, therefore, training in the unloading microcycle with this load regime against the background of weight loss leads to a deterioration in the condition of wrestlers. Building the load regime according to the “volumetric” option also turned out to be irrational, since the impact of the shock microcycle does not provide a significant increase in physical performance indicators registered in control bouts and in the reference control.