Максим Рильський як майстер художнього перекладу (текстологічний аналіз перекладу М. Рильським поезії М. Лермонтова «Когда волнуется желтеющая нива»)

У статті висвітлено міркування Максима Рильського з питань перекладу, історії національної мови українського народу та української літературної мови. Проаналізовано погляди поета на українську мову та українську культуру в
цілому. Визначено проблеми, з якими зіштовхується перекладач при перекладі текстів, зокрема поетичних, з однієї мови на іншу. Виконано текстологічний аналіз перекладу М. Рильським поезії М. Лермонтова.

Introduction. To find out the peculiarities of M. Rylsky translation in M. Lermontov’s poetry. Purpose. To show the discourse of Maxim Rylsky on the issues of translation, the history of the national language of the Ukrainian people and the Ukrainian literary language. To analyze the views of the poet on the Ukrainian language and Ukrainian culture in its entirety. Identify the problems faced by an interpreter when translating texts from one language to another, particularly poetic ones. Methods. Textological, comparative-stylistic, taxonomical. Results. A proficient translation requires a thorough knowledge of the national language and the language from which the translation is performed. Master of art of declamation, Rylsky as translator, with his work polished the artistic expression, increased the lexical and grammatical series of synonyms, erected new stylistic gradation and tonality of poetical narration. He was very sensitive to stylistic changes in language, to the dynamics of a living word. At translation of M. Lermontov’s
poetry, the translator retains the syntactic construction - the classical period with the structure of the complex sentence. Ability to deal with the difficulties that arose with the discrepancy in the nouns, the concepts of a single noun or collecti ve, using active adjectives. Rylsky enriches the poetic dictionary of the Ukrainian language with new epithets, comparisons, metaphors. The expressive elements are consistent with the aesthetic content of the work, and peculiarity of the individual style of M. Lermontov.
Originality. Investigation of the creative thinking of an interpreter, the ability to get around the difficulties at translation. Conclusion The poetic translation showed the depth of knowledge of syntactic contrartices, the vocabulary of M. Rylsky’s Ukrainian language. The translator successfully transmitted the language images, built on associations of artistic thinking, the aggregate picture, depicted in the original.