Аеробні та анаеробні тренування як засіб підвищення фізичної працездатності підлітків з ослабленим здоров’ям
Журнал
Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports)
ISSN
2311-2220
Дата випуску
2026-03-24
Автор(и)
DOI
10.31392/UDU-nc.series15.2026.03(202).33
Анотація
У статті подано теоретичне обґрунтування підвищення фізичної працездатності підлітків з ослабленим здоров’ям засобами аеробних та анаеробних тренувань. На основі аналізу наукових джерел розкрито особливості впливу різних режимів м’язової діяльності на функціональний стан серцево-судинної, дихальної та м’язової систем у підлітковому віці. Висвітлено психофізіологічні механізми адаптації організму до аеробних і анаеробних навантажень, їх роль у розвитку витривалості, сили та швидкісно-силових якостей за умов знижених функціональних резервів. Обґрунтовано доцільність комплексного застосування аеробних і анаеробних тренувань з урахуванням вікових, індивідуальних та психоемоційних особливостей підлітків. Теоретичні положення можуть бути використані в системі фізичного виховання та оздоровчо-корекційної роботи з підлітками з ослабленим здоров’ям.
The article provides a theoretical justification for improving the physical work capacity of adolescents with weakened health through aerobic and anaerobic training. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, the peculiarities of the influence of different modes of muscular activity on the functional state of the cardiovascular, respiratory, and muscular systems in adolescence are revealed. The psychophysiological mechanism of the body’s adaptation to aerobic and anaerobic loads, as well as their role in the development of endurance, strength and speed-strength qualities under conditions of reduced functional reserves, are highlighted. The expediency of the complex application of aerobic and anaerobic training, taking into account the age-related, individual and psycho-emotional characteristics of adolescents, is substantiated. The theoretical provisions can be used in the system of physical education and health-oriented corrective work with adolescents with weakened health.
Conclusions. Improving the physical capacity of adolescents with impaired health is an extremely important task of physical education, as it directly affects the development of the body's functional capacity, adaptive resources and general health. Aerobic exercises, such as walking, Nordic walking and recreational aerobics, help strengthen the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, develop endurance, improve metabolism and stabilize the psycho-emotional state of teenagers. Anaerobic training, including moderate-to-low-intensity exercises, effectively develops strength, flexibility, and coordination of movements while performing a preventive function for musculoskeletal disorders and injuries. The use of mobile games, physical exercises and swimming in the system of physical education allows not only to increase the physical fitness of children, but also contributes to the development of social, moral and mental qualities, the formation of thinking, intelligence and emotional stability. A comprehensive combination of aerobic and anaerobic exercise ensures individualization and differentiation of workloads, allowing the physical condition of adolescents with impaired health to be affected as effectively as possible. Thanks to this, the basis for the development of a healthy lifestyle and improvement of the general physical condition of the younger generation is formed.
Conclusions. Improving the physical capacity of adolescents with impaired health is an extremely important task of physical education, as it directly affects the development of the body's functional capacity, adaptive resources and general health. Aerobic exercises, such as walking, Nordic walking and recreational aerobics, help strengthen the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, develop endurance, improve metabolism and stabilize the psycho-emotional state of teenagers. Anaerobic training, including moderate-to-low-intensity exercises, effectively develops strength, flexibility, and coordination of movements while performing a preventive function for musculoskeletal disorders and injuries. The use of mobile games, physical exercises and swimming in the system of physical education allows not only to increase the physical fitness of children, but also contributes to the development of social, moral and mental qualities, the formation of thinking, intelligence and emotional stability. A comprehensive combination of aerobic and anaerobic exercise ensures individualization and differentiation of workloads, allowing the physical condition of adolescents with impaired health to be affected as effectively as possible. Thanks to this, the basis for the development of a healthy lifestyle and improvement of the general physical condition of the younger generation is formed.
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