Еколого-біологічний стан та основні екологічні проблеми села Русанів Броварського району Київської області
Дата випуску
2021-11
Автор(и)
Шевченко, Валентина Григорівна
Лагутенко, Оксана Тарасівна
Шевченко, Валерія Юріївна
Анотація
В залежності від конкретного природного середовища, розвитку інфраструктури, особливостей забудови, діючих виробництв, наявних рекреаційних зон, у різних населених пунктах складається певна еколого-біологічна ситуація. Визначено основні чинники негативного впливу на еколого-біологічний стан компонентів довкілля села Русанів Броварського району. Через Русанів протікає річка Трубіж, на акваторії якої спостерігається замулення, зниження водності. Через село проходить автомобільна дорога державного значення Н-07 Київ – Суми – Юнаківка, яка впливає на ряд показників якості повітря. Хвойні та листяні ліси навколо села відносяться до державного підприємства «Бориспільське лісове господарство», що здійснює системи рубок головного користування та рубки для формування і оздоровлення лісів. На території села знаходиться об’єкт екологічної мережі – заказник ботанічний «Оврамівсько-Івашківський». Тут виявлено місцезростання лілії лісової, занесеної до Червоної книги України. Сформульовано пропозиції щодо мінімізації антропогенно-техногенного впливу на природне середовище.
Significant aggravation of environmental problems leads to a degradation in quality of life, as well
as to the emergence of serious social problems, such as increased morbidity, mortality, reduce of working age
and life expectancy. Depending on the specific natural environment, development of infrastructure, features of
buildings, existing production facilities, as well as existing recreational areas, different populated areas have
their own specific ecological and biological situation. Therefore, the main factors that negatively affect the ecological and biological state of the environment components of Rusaniv village, Brovary district, are identified. Trubizh river flows through Rusaniv village, on the waters of which siltation and lowering of the water level are observed. Also, the watersheds and areas along the river are being plowed. Various types of economic activity lead to the ingress of harmful chemicals into the water. For example, the norms of maximum permissible concentrations of ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are exceeded in the surface waters of the Trubizh river. Besides, the principal road H-07 Kyiv-Sumy-Yunakivka passes through the village, which affects a number of air quality indicators. The air quality index calculated for the main air pollutant – fine dust, fraction PM2.5 – in most cases is average during the day and ranges from 66 to 100 units. Coniferous and deciduous forests around the village are at the disposal of the State Enterprise «Boryspil Forestry», which carries out deforestation for various purposes. Under the influence of anthropogenic factors, the quantitative and qualitative
composition of flora and fauna undergoes certain changes. This is a consequence of the plowing of lands, agricultural works, reduction of forests, shrubs, as well as fires in large areas, especially during the burning of dead woods in spring and autumn. In addition, the emergence of spontaneous landfills on the territory and outside the Rusaniv village limits points to the lack of environmental awareness of its citizens. On the territory of Rusaniv village, there is an object of the ecological network – the Botanical Reserve «Ovramivsko-Ivashkivskyi». In the reserve, there are forests, where oaks predominate. Also, it is possible to find the forest lily, which is listed in the Red Book of Ukraine. Considering the above, the proposals for minimizing the anthropogenic and technological impact on the environment are formulated.
as to the emergence of serious social problems, such as increased morbidity, mortality, reduce of working age
and life expectancy. Depending on the specific natural environment, development of infrastructure, features of
buildings, existing production facilities, as well as existing recreational areas, different populated areas have
their own specific ecological and biological situation. Therefore, the main factors that negatively affect the ecological and biological state of the environment components of Rusaniv village, Brovary district, are identified. Trubizh river flows through Rusaniv village, on the waters of which siltation and lowering of the water level are observed. Also, the watersheds and areas along the river are being plowed. Various types of economic activity lead to the ingress of harmful chemicals into the water. For example, the norms of maximum permissible concentrations of ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are exceeded in the surface waters of the Trubizh river. Besides, the principal road H-07 Kyiv-Sumy-Yunakivka passes through the village, which affects a number of air quality indicators. The air quality index calculated for the main air pollutant – fine dust, fraction PM2.5 – in most cases is average during the day and ranges from 66 to 100 units. Coniferous and deciduous forests around the village are at the disposal of the State Enterprise «Boryspil Forestry», which carries out deforestation for various purposes. Under the influence of anthropogenic factors, the quantitative and qualitative
composition of flora and fauna undergoes certain changes. This is a consequence of the plowing of lands, agricultural works, reduction of forests, shrubs, as well as fires in large areas, especially during the burning of dead woods in spring and autumn. In addition, the emergence of spontaneous landfills on the territory and outside the Rusaniv village limits points to the lack of environmental awareness of its citizens. On the territory of Rusaniv village, there is an object of the ecological network – the Botanical Reserve «Ovramivsko-Ivashkivskyi». In the reserve, there are forests, where oaks predominate. Also, it is possible to find the forest lily, which is listed in the Red Book of Ukraine. Considering the above, the proposals for minimizing the anthropogenic and technological impact on the environment are formulated.
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